综述南极威德尔海冰间湖形成机制的研究进展高郭平 1

综述

南极威德尔海冰间湖形成机制的研究进展
高郭平 1,2，董兆乾 3
(1. 中国海洋大学海洋环境学院，山东青岛 266003； 2. 海洋环境科学和数值模拟国家海洋局重点实验室, 山东青岛 266061; 3. 中国极地研究所，上海 200129)
摘要：针对南极威德尔海冰间湖的特点及影响，本文介绍了有关威德尔海冰间湖形成研究的进展情况，并对存在的问题以及未来的发展进行了分析和阐述。结果说明：动力因素、热力因素和热动力因素都只是威德尔海冰间湖形成和维持的某一方面的控制和影响因子。对威德尔海冰间湖更深入的研究，应该充分考虑较大尺度的海洋海冰大气相互作用。
关键词：南极威德尔海；冰间湖；形成机制
中图法分类号： P728.2 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-001-06

Advances in Studies on Mechanism of the Weddell Polynya Formation
GAO Guoping 1,2， DONG Zhaoqian 3
(1. College of Physical and Environmental Oceanography, Ocean University of China， Qingdao 266003，China； 2. Key Lab of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling,SOA, Qingdao 266061, China; 3. Polar Research Institute of China， Shanghai 200129，China)
Abstract： Occurrence of Weddell Polynya influences Antarctic Bottom Water formation and may be one of the major sources of climate variability on the decadal to centennial time scales. In this circumstance, the Weddell Polynya became a new focus of the Southern Ocean research in the last decade. The recent advances in the studies on the Weddell Polynya, including the mechanism for its formation and its affection on atmosphere and ocean, were reviewed in this paper. The unsolved problems in the previous research work and possible advances in the future studies were also commented. The dynamic, thermal and thermodynamic aspects about the occurrence and maintenance of Weddell Polynya are likely ingredients. For fully understanding the initiation and maintenance of Weddell Polynya,the atmospheresea iceocean interaction in large scale should be considered.
Key words: Antarctic； Weddell Polynya； formation mechanism
　

研究简报

2000年夏季莱州湾主要观测要素的分布特征
万修全 1，吴德星 1，鲍献文 2，姜华 1
(中国海洋大学1. 物理海洋研究所； 2. 海洋系，山东青岛 266003)

摘要：在2000年夏季莱州湾加密大面调查资料的基础上，研究了莱州湾海域海水的温度、盐度、溶解氧、浊度、叶绿素、无机氮、磷酸盐和硅酸盐的分布特征，初步讨论了它们之间的相互关系。结果表明，莱州湾盐度值与以前相比有显著升高；叶绿素南部的高值区对应于溶解氧的低值区，温度的高值区；浊度受黄河径流的影响较大；无机氮西部浓度高，东部浓度低，且相差很大；浮游植物生长的限制因素东部与西部海域不同，东部为氮限制，而西部为磷限制。
关键词：莱州湾；夏季；盐度；营养盐；分布特征
中图法分类号： X145 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 16721574(2004)01-007-06

Distribution Features of Main Observational Elements inLaizhou Bay in the Summer time of 2000
WAN Xiuquan 1， WU Dexing 1， BAO Xianwen 2， JIANG Hua 1
(Ocean University of China, 1. Institute of Physical Oceanography; 2. The Depart ment of Oceanography, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract: Based on the investigation data in Laizhou Bay in the summertime of 2000, the distribution features of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, chlorophyll, inorganic nitrogen, phosphate and silicate in the sea water are expounded. Also discussed is their relationship between each other. The results show that the salinity in Laizhou Bay has increased remarkably compared with the previous observational data. The high value zone of chlorophyll in the south of Laizhou Bay corresponds with the low value zone of dissolved oxygen and the
thermal zone. The distribution of turbidity is mainly governed by the runoff of the Yellow River. It is also found that the inorganic nitrogen concentration is high in the west of Laizhou Bay and low in the east, and the discrepancy is very great. The limiting factor of phytoplankton growing in the east of Laizhou Bay is different from that in the west:the former being nitrogenwhereas the latter being phosphor.
Key words: Laizhou Bay； summertime； salinity； nutrient salts； distribution feature

　

9711号北上台风演变及暴雨过程的位涡诊断分析

赵宇 1,2，吴增茂 1

(1. 中国海洋大学，山东青岛 266003； 2. 山东省气象中心，山东济南 250031)

摘要：通过对9711号台风登陆北上穿过山东造成山东特大暴雨过程的湿位涡的分析，并从湿位涡的角度研究了台风演变及山东特大暴雨的形成机制，揭示了冷空气在台风演变及暴雨过程中的重要作用。结果表明：倾斜涡度发展是暴雨产生和台风加强的重要机制之一，暴雨产生在θ e线陡立密集区内；湿位涡在这次暴雨过程中对流层低层具有MPV1＜0， MPV2＞ 0的特征,此次暴雨产生在负的MPV1等值线密集区中；对流层上部及平流层下部高位涡的下传使得低层斜压性增大，引起低层的对流稳定度减小，促使气旋性涡度发展，有利于位势不稳定能量的释放，使得暴雨增幅,导致台风的加强并演变为温带气旋。
关键词：台风暴雨；湿位涡；倾斜涡度发展；温带气旋
中图法分类号： P458.1 +24     文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-012-09

An Analysis of the Potential Vorticity for The NorthwardTyphoon 9711 Evolution A nd Rainstorm

ZHAO Yu 1,2， WU Zengmao 1

(1. Ocean University Of China, Qingdao 266003, China; 2. Shandong Meteorological Observatory, Jinan 250031, China)

Abstract: Based on the analysis of moist potential vorticity(MPV) for the typhoon 9711 that caused rainstorm in Shandong Province,we studied the mechanism of the typhoon evolution and the rainstorm in Shandong Province from the viewpoint of MPV and disclosed the important effect of the cold air inflow.The results show that slantwise vorticity development is an important mechanism of the rainstorm and typhoon intensification.The rainstorm occurred in the stiff and dense section of moist isentropes. MPV1＜0 and MPV2＞0 were characteristic of lowtropospheric MPV in the rainstorm area and the rainstorm occurred in the dense section of the negative isolines of MPV1. The downward spread of high MPV from the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere intensified the baroclinity and decreased the convective stability at low levels, causing the vortex to develop.It is also b
eneficial to the release of instability energy, resulting in rainstorm amplification and typhoon evolution.

Key words: typhoon rainstorm; potential vorticity; slantwise vorticity development; extratropical cyclone

三疣梭子蟹线粒体DNA 16S rRNA和COI

基因片段序列的比较研究

郭天慧 1，孔晓瑜 1，陈四清 2，喻子牛 1

(1. 中国海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室,山东青岛 266003； 2. 中国水产研究院黄海水产研究所, 山东青岛 266071)

摘要：本文采用PCR扩增和序列测定等技术，对三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)线粒体DNA16S rRNA和COI基因片段进行了初步研究。经PCR扩增和序列测定,分别得到16S rRNA和COI 2个基因片段的碱基序列,其中16S rRNA基因片段的大小为566bp，碱基A，T，G，C 的含量分别为35.16%，34.45%，12.37%和18.02%；COI基因片段的大小为658bp,碱基A，T，G，C的含量分别为36.63%，26.44%，20.52%和16.41%。在2种基因片段中,AT含量均明显高于G C含量，这与果蝇、虾类、蟹类等无脊椎动物的16S rRNA和COI基因片段研究结果相似。通过对三疣梭子蟹16S rRNA和COI2个基因片段遗传特征的研究，发现其种内变异较低,在3个样本中16S rRNA基因片段序列完全一样， COI基因片段中也只有2个T/C位点转换。另外，比较本研究所得序列与GenBank中梭子蟹科5个属的16S rRNA基因片段序列后，发现其聚类结果与传统分类相一致。
关键词：三疣梭子蟹； 16S rRNA基因； COI基因； PCR
中图法分类号： Q178.53； Q953 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-002-07

A Study of the Sequences of Mitochondrial 16S rRNA and COI Gene Fragments of Portunus trituberculatus

GUO Tianhui 1， KONG Xiaoyu 1， CHEN Siqing 2， YU Ziniu

（1. The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; 2. Yellow Sea Institute of Fishery Science, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Qingdao 266071, China)
Abstract： Mitochondrial 16S rRNA and COI gene fragments of Portunus trituberculatus from Weifang were amplified via PCR, then the PCR products were purified and sequenced. For 16S rRNA gene fragments, 566bp nucleotide sequences were obtained, and the A, T, G and C contents in this fragment were respectively 35.16%, 34.45%, 26.44% and 18.02%.As for the COI gene fragments, the size was 658bp and the A, T, G and C contents were 36.63%, 26.44%, 20.52% and 16.41% respectively. Analysis of 16S rRNA and COI gene fragments indicated that: 1) the AT content was higher than CG content, which was similar to the results of studies on drosophila, shrimp, crab and other invertebrates; 2) three samples from the test had the completely same nucleotide sequence of 16S rRNA gene fragments, but there were two locis of T/C translation about the sequence of COI gene fragments. In addition, it is found that the graphical phylogenetic tree of 16S gene fragment of eight orabs in five genus is consistent with current systematics of these species.
Key words: Portunus trituberculatus； 16S rRNA gene； COI gene； PCR

几种鲈形目鱼类口腔齿的比较研究

余云军，武云飞

(中国海洋大学水产养殖重点实验室，山东青岛 266003)

摘要：就中国海洋大学鱼类标本室保存的部分鲈形目鱼类——鲷科Sparidae；大眼鲷科 Priacanthidae；及B023科Serranidae的几种鱼类的口腔齿进行了研究。结果显示：B023科与大眼鲷科的前颌骨、齿骨、犁骨、腭骨、咽骨上都着生有形态较单一的口腔齿，但较小，不是很坚固；而鲷科的几种鱼类口腔齿都着生在前颌骨、齿骨、咽骨上，且较强硬，形态较多样，特别发达。为三种鱼类的进化关系提供了某些估证。
关键词：口腔齿；鲈形目鱼类；形态学；生态学；比较研究
中图法分类号： Q954； Q959.483     文献标识码： A     文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-029-08

Comparative Studies on the OralCavity Teeth of Several Perciform Fishes

YU Yunjun， WU Yunfei

(Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract: This paper studies the oralcavity teeth of several perciform fishes, Pagrosomus major (Temminck & Schlegel), Sparus macrocephalus (Basilewsky), Taius tumifrons (Temminck & Schlegel), Parargyrops edita Tanaka belonging to sparid fishes, Priacanthus tayenus Richardson and ,Pricanthus boops (B loch et Schneider) of the family Priacanthidae , Siniperca scherzeri Steindachner and Lateolabrax japonicus (Cuvier et Valenciennes) of the family Serranidae in morphology and ecology, comparatively. It reveals that the sparid fishes have p
remaxillary teeth, teeth in lower jaws, pharyngobranchial teeth and pharyngeal teeth. They are sharper, keener and bigger. In compared with these, the others have vomerine teeth, palatine teeth, in addition to the types of teeth of sparid fishes. And these (vomerine teeth and palatine teeth) are all smaller and are villiform teeth. These eight fishes are different in their habitats, feeding habits and other respects of ecology. In fact, feeding is a wellknown factor that influences head morphology, including the morphology of oralcavity teeth. Because of longterm evolution, adaptation to the environment and natural selection, their morphology of ovalcavity teeth has differentiated. Then their niches are very different in the ecosystem.

Key words： oralcavity teeth； perciform fishes； morphology； ecology； comparative studies

研究简报

黄河三角洲平原型水库总磷的变动趋势

王宇庭 1, 曲明敏 2, 任志勇 2, 曲晓 1, 赵睿 3

(1. 莱阳农学院水生生物科学与工程系，山东莱阳 265200； 2. 胜利石油管理局供水公司，山东东营 257097； 3. 北京市水产技术推广站，北京 100021)
摘要：通过连续4年对黄河三角洲6座水库水环境化学的观测发现，水层中总磷(TP)丰度存在明显的季节波动，并与氢离子(H)或(和)氯化物(Cl)丰度存在显著相关关系(p<0.01,p<0.05)，但没有发现其随着年度推移的变化规律。根据对7座9～26 年不同库龄水库的调查发现，随着库龄的增加，底泥中沉积的总磷(DP)显著增加(p<0.05)。
关键词：总磷；氯度； pH；库龄
中图法分类号： X13       文献标识码： A       文章编号： 1672-5174(2004)01-037-06

Fluctuation Tendencies of Phosphorus in Shallow Reservoirs in the Huanghe Delta

WANG Yuting 1， QU Mingmin 2， REN Zhiyong 2， QU Xiao 1， ZHAO Rui 3
(1. Dept. of Hydrobiology and Engineering, Laiyang Agricultural College, Laiyang 265200, China； 2. Water Supply Company of Shengli Oil Field, Dongying 257097, China；3. Beijing AquaTech Popularizing Station, Beijing 100021, China)

Abstract: The Yellow River Delta lies in the littoral of Bohai Sea, 38°N 118°E. Because of the nutrientrich inflow by the Yellow River, the reservoirs in this region, with depth from 1.5 to 6.0 meter, often represent either bloom of to xic greenblue algae or that of nuisance submergedgrass in the water. Four years of continuous monthly researches on total phosphorus concentration in water (TP) and other water environmental chemistry factors in 6 reservoirs in Hekou district north to the Yellow River, and twice researches on deposited total phosphorus concentration in sediments (DP) of the 6 reservoirs and another reservoir south to the Huanghe River in the winter of 2002 got the following results: (1) The seasonally fluctuation of TP were correlative significantly with chloride concentration or (and) hydrogen ion concentration (p<0.01 and p<0.05)； (2) The four years' fluctuation of TP had no significant tendency as year passing, whereas the DP enhance significantly with reservoir ages (p<0.05)； (3) The TP ranging between 0.01mg/L and 0.1mg/L and the DP ranging between 0.9mg/g and 3 mg/g suggested that sediments there had capacity of storing more phosphorus than other lakes researched by other limnologists, because of higher salinity in water and special soil in this region.

Key words: total phosphorus (TP); Chlorine inon concentration (Cl -)； PH； reservoir age

　

研究简报

日本B022和底栖短桨蟹线粒体DNA 12S rRNA基因序列的初步研究

高天翔 1, 张秀梅 1, 渡边精一 2, 伏屋玲子 2

(1. 中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室，山东青岛 266003； 2. 日本东京水产大学水生生物系，东京 1088477)

摘要：以相应引物对日本B022和底栖短桨蟹的线粒体DNA 12S rRNA基因片段进行了PCR扩增和序列测定，分析比较了2种间序列差异。结果表明：日本B02212S rRNA基因片段长度为414bp，底栖短桨蟹为415bp，2种的A，T，G，C含量分别为151bp(36.47%)，153bp(36.96%)，43bp(10.39%)，67bp(16.18%)和150bp(36.14%)，155bp(37.35%)，44bp(10.60%) ，66bp(15.90%)。2种间共出现了3个碱基的缺失/插入和38bp的序列差异，其碱基转换与碱基颠换比约为2.17。
关键词：日本B022；底栖短桨蟹； 12S rRNA基因；序列
中图法分类号： S931 文献标识码： A 文章编号: 1672-1574(2004)01-043-05

Preliminary Study on Mitochondrial DNA 12S rRNA Gene Sequence of Charybdis japonica and Thalamita prymna

GAO Tianxiang 1, ZHANG Xiumei 1, WATANABE Seiichi 2, FUSEYA Reiko 2

(1. Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; 2. Department of Aquatic Biosciences, Tokyo University of Fisheries, Tokyo 108～8477, Japan)

Abstract： This paper deals with the PCR amplification and sequencing of mitochondrial DNA 12S rRNA gene of Charybdis japonica and Thalamita prymna. The results showed that the sequence lengths of 12S rRNA gene fragments of two species were 414bp and 415bp respectively. The A, T, G and C contents of Charybdis japonica and Thalamita prymna were 151bp (36.47%), 153bp (36.96%), 43bp (10.39%), 67bp (16.18%) and 150bp (36.14%), 155bp (37.35%), 44bp (10.60%), 66bp (15.90%) respectively. Between Charybdis japonica and Thalamita prymna, there were three de
letions/insertions and 38bp different sites, the ratio of transition and transversion was approximately 2.17.

Key words： Charybdis japonica; Thalamita prymna; 12S rRNA gene; sequence

　

大型海藻孔石莼抑制浮游微藻生长的原因初探 ——种群密度及磷浓度的作用

南春容 1, 2, 董双林 1

(1. 中国海洋大学教育部水产养殖重点实验室，山东青岛 266003; 2. 汕头大学海洋生物研究所，广东汕头 515063)

摘要：本文以磷浓度和种群密度为变量，以亚心形扁藻为浮游微藻代表，采用实验生态学手段研究了大型海藻孔石莼与浮游微藻(亚心形扁藻)间的竞争。结果显示，不论营养盐浓度如何，高密度的孔石莼皆能显著抑制浮游微藻的生长。分析显示，高密度的孔石莼压制浮游微藻生长的原因，不是由于对氮、磷等营养盐的竞争所致，而可能是其他原因所致。
关键词：孔石莼；浮游微藻(亚心形扁藻)；磷；种群密度
中图法分类号： Q178.53 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-048-07

A Preliminary Study of the Suppression of Phytoplankton by Ulva pertusa：The Effects of Algal Density and Phosphorus Concentration

NAN Chunrong 1, 2, DONG Shuanglin 1

(1. Aquaculture Research Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; 2. Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China)
Abstract: This paper presents a study of the effect of initial algal density and phosphorus concentration on the competition between Platymonas subcordiformis and Ulva pertusa. The growth of P. subcordiformis is strongly depressed by high density U. pertusa even at high phosphorous availability. The results indicate that the suppression of phytoplankton by U. pertusa is not due to nutrient competition, but due to other factors.
Key words: Ulva pertusa; phytoplankton (Platymonas subcordiformis); phosphorus; algal density

研究简报

Vibrio sp. 510产褐藻胶裂合酶的底物专一性分析

江晓路，刘岩，胡晓珂，管华诗

（中国海洋大学水产学院，山东青岛 266003）

摘要： Vibrio sp. 510具有很强的产生褐藻胶裂合酶的能力。本实验对该菌发酵产生的褐藻胶裂合酶经疏水色谱除去杂蛋白，再经灌注色谱分离得到3个酶组分峰。经底物专一性检测，峰1和峰3对聚甘露糖醛酸和聚古罗糖醛酸均具降解作用，峰2只对聚甘露糖醛酸有降解作用。园二色谱测定酶的二级结构：峰1结构最为复杂，以β转角为最高，占31.5%，无规线团占27%，α螺旋占25.8%；峰2为β折叠，占95.5%；峰3以60%的α螺旋和40%的无规线团形式存在。3个分离峰的底物专一性和二级结构的差异证明了褐藻胶裂合酶蛋白的结构与功能之间的相关性。
关键词：褐藻胶裂合酶；色谱分离；底物专一性
中图法分类号： O657.7 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-055-05

Purification and Substrate Specificity of the Alginate Lyase from Vibrio sp. 510

JIANG Xiaolu， LIU Yan， HU Xiaoke， GUAN Huashi

（College of Fishery, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China）
Abstract： The alginate lyase was successfully isolated from a marine culture of Vibrio sp. 510. The heterproteins were removed from the crude enzyme through hydrophobic chromatography. Three kinds of alginate lyases of different molecular weighs were purified by perfusion chromatography.The substrate specificity exp
eriment showed that Peak 1 and Peak 3 could both depolymerize polymannuronan and polyguluronan and Peak 2 could only depolymerize polymannuronan. It was found through circular dichroism spectrum analysis that the secondary structure of Peak 1 was the most complex, including βcorner (31.5%), random coil (27%) and αhelix (25.8%). Peak 2 is abundant in βpleated sheet (95.5%) and Peak 3 includes αhelix (60%) and random coil (40%). For alginate lyases from the Vibrio sp. 510, that different secondary structures determine different substrate spe
cificity is verified.
Key words： alginate lyase； chromatography purification； substrate specificity

一株产褐藻酸多糖的海洋假单胞细菌Pseudomonas sp.QDA的筛选和鉴定

韩文君，路新枝，肖琳，于文功

(中国海洋大学海洋药物与食品研究所，山东青岛 266003)
摘要: 根据已获褐藻酸多糖生物合成基因簇中褐藻胶裂解酶基因(algL)的序列设计特异性引物，利用PCR技术从海洋微生物中筛选到1株能够分泌胞外多糖的细菌。采用形态学观察和16S rDNA序列分析鉴定该菌株，结果为假单胞属细菌，命名为Pseudomonas sp.QDA；系统发育树显示该菌株与P. putida亲缘关系最近。菌株产生的胞外多糖可被褐藻胶裂解酶(AlgL)降解，并在紫外234nm处检测到特征性吸收，初步证明含有褐藻酸多糖。
关键词：褐藻胶裂解酶基因； PCR；海洋假单胞细菌； 16S rDNA
中图法分类号： Q934 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-060-05

Screening of an AlginateProducing Marine Bacterium Pseudomonas sp. Strain QDA and Its Characterization
HAN Wenjun， LU Xinzhi， XIAO Lin， YU Wengong
(Institute of Marine Drugs&Foods, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract： Based on the DNA sequence of a novel alginate lyase gene (algL) that was cloned from a marine environmental DNA library, specific primer pairs were designed and used in PCR screening of analginateproducing marine bacterium. With the method of phenotype observation and sequence analysis of the 16S rDNA, a marine bacterium was identified as some Pseudomonas that was most closely related to P.putida in the phylogenetic tree. The deacetylated exocellular polysaccharides could be degraded by a defined alginate lyase (AlgL) and the scanning graph of the digested mixture showed a characteristic absorption at 234nm, which suggested the existence of alginate.
Key words： alginate lyase gene; PCR; marine Pseudomonas; 16S rDNA

枝管藻多糖对久效磷暴露水体中鱼类保护作用的研究

王静凤 1, 田树川 2, 邴欣 1, 韩茵 1, 刘扬 1

(中国海洋大学，1. 海洋生命学院； 2. 水产学院，山东青岛 266003)
摘要：以金鱼(Carassius auratus)体内超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase, SOD)活力、乙酰胆碱酯酶(Acetylcholinesterase, AChE)活力变化为指标，观察了枝管藻多糖对久效磷暴露的水体中鱼类生理功能的影响。结果表明：用枝管藻多糖灌胃鲫鱼15d，枝管藻多糖能显著降低久效磷对鱼类体内SOD活力的诱导和有效阻止久效磷对鱼类中枢神经系统AChE活性的抑制，具有拮抗久效磷农药对鱼类毒害的作用。
关键词：枝管藻多糖；久效磷；超氧化物歧化酶(SOD); 乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)
中图法分类号： X174 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-065-04

The Protect Effects of Polysaccharide from Cladosiphon okamurams on Fish After Exposure to Monocrotophos

WANG Jingfeng 1，TIAN Shuchuan 2，BING Xin 1，HAN Yin 1，LIU Yang 1

(Ocean University of China, 1. College of Marine Life Sciences; 2. Fisheries College, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract: The effects of polysaccharide from Cladosiphon okamuranus (CP) on the physiological function of fish after exposure to monocrotophos were studied by the changes of the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD)
and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in crucian. The results showed that SOD activity induced by monocrotophos was reduced significantly and AChE activity depressed by monocrotophos was increased obviously after being given CP for 15d. The study suggests that CP can protect fish from the harmful effects of monocrotophos.
Key words: polyscarride from Cladosiphon okamuranusa (CP); superoxide dismutase (SOD); acetylcholinesterase (AChE)

　

研究简报

久效磷对雄性金鱼的生殖毒性研究

邴欣 1, 汝少国 1, 姜明 2, 王晓宇 1

(中国海洋大学 1. 海洋生命学院; 2. 测试中心，山东青岛 266003)

摘要：分别用0.01，0.1和0.5mg/L的久效磷暴露雄性金鱼，取尾静脉血进行血浆聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和精子超微结构的电镜观察。结果表明，与对照组雄鱼和雌鱼相比，各浓度暴露组均发现了1条特异性蛋白。这条蛋白带在电泳凝胶上的位置与17-β雌二醇诱导雄性金鱼分泌的卵黄原蛋白相同，因而可以认定这条特异性蛋白为卵黄原蛋白；0.01mg/L 暴露组金鱼精子质膜局部出现溶解，0.1mg/L暴露组的多数精子细胞质膜溶解并断裂，少量精子颈部中心粒复合体和线粒体溶解。
关键词：久效磷；金鱼；生殖毒性
中图法分类号： X502 文献标识码： A

The Reproductive Toxicity Effect of Monocrotophos on Male Goldfish, Carassius auratus

BING Xin 1, RU Shaoguo 1, JIANG Ming 2, WANG Xiaoyu 1

(Ocean University of China, 1. College of Marine Life Sciences； 2. Tset Centre, Qingdao 266003，China)

Abstract： In this experiment, the male Goldfish(Carassius auratus) were exposed to various concentrations of monocrotophos(0.01mg/L，0.1mg/L and 0.5mg/L). The vain vena caudalis blood was electrophoresised in native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (NATIVEPAGE). And the sperm was observed by electron microscope.
Blood electrophoresis results showed that, all the exposed male fish had a peculiar protein compared with the normal male and female goldfish. This protein's location was similar with vitellogenin which was induced by 17βestradiol of male goldfish. So it could be confirmed that the protein was vitellogenin. Electronical microscopic examination showed that, in the 0.01mg/L exposed group, while most of the cellular membrane partially dissolved and fragmentated. In the 0.1mg/ L exposed group, the cellular membrane dissolved and fragmentated, only a small part of the central granule and mitochondrion dissolved.

Key words： monocrotophos; Carassius auratus; reproductive toxicity

利用rDNA和ITS序列对1株裸甲藻的初步鉴定

苟万里 1,2，刘东艳 2，甄毓 2，辛泽毓 1，李荣秀 1，于志刚 3

(1. 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院上海生物工程研究中心, 上海 200233; 2. 中国海洋大学海洋生命科学院,山东青岛 266003； 3. 中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东青岛 266003)

摘要: 测定了1株分离自青岛胶州湾海水样品、从形态上初步确定为裸甲藻属(Gymnodinium sp, 编号为GYN15)的核糖体基因(rDNA)和转录单元内间隔区(Internal Transcribed Spacer, ITS)序列，并利用该序列对该藻进行了初步鉴定。测定的序列长2658 bp，涵盖了小亚基(small subunit, SSU) rDNA基因3'端1747 bp，ITS15.8S rDNAITS2全长和大亚基( large subunit, LSU) rDNA基因5'端337 bp。同源性分析该序列发现GYN15与共生甲藻属( Symbiodinium)中的2个种(Symbiodinium californium和Gymnodinium varians)的对应序列具有很高的相似性；3株藻的各段rDNA和ITS序列的相似性均为99%以上；以SSU rDNA序列中的3个可变区(V1+V2+V3)和邻接法构建的系统树表明，GYN15与S. californium和G. varians构成1个独立的新的子类群，该子类群属于共生甲藻属，而与各种裸甲藻的亲缘关系较远。根据这些结果可将GYN15初步鉴定为属于共生甲藻属。鉴于GYN15和其它2个种所构成的分支明显与5个已知的子类群(A，B，C，D，E)不同，因此将该分支命名为子类群F。

关键词： rDNA； ITS；裸甲藻；序列相似性；系统树；共生甲藻；浮游植物

中图法分类号： Q178.53    文献标识码： A    文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-075 -09

The Preliminary Identification of an Isolation of Gymnodinium sp.(GYN15) Using the rDNA and ITS Sequences

GOU Wanli 1,2， LIU Dongyan 2， ZHEN Yu 2， XIN Zeyu 1，LI Rongxiu 1， YU Zhigang 3

(1. Shanghai Research Center of Biotechnology, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China;2. College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003,
China; 3. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)

Abstract: Sequence of the rDNA and ITS regions from Gymnodinium sp. (GYN-15), which was isolated from the sea water collected at Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, and was preliminarily identified as Gymnodinium sp. based on its morphological features, was sequenced, and was used to identify further GYN15. The total DNA and ITS sequence from GYN15 was 2 658 bp in length, spanning 1 748 bp of the 3' end of the SSU rDNA, the complete sequence of the ITS15.8S rDNAITS2 region, and 336 bp of the 5'end of the LSU rDNA. The BLASTn results showed that GYN15 was closely related to two strains within Symbiodinium(S. californium and Gymnodinium varians).Sequence comparison showed that the similarities among each part of the sequences from these three strains were all a
bove 99%. Phylogenetic reconstruction with the Neighborjoining (NJ) method using sequences of variable regions (V1+V2+V3) of SSU rDNA indicated that GYN-15, S. californium and G. varians formed a new clade　in Symbiodinium, which was apartly related to the included Gymnodinium species. Based on these results, it was suggested that GYN15 might be clustered into the genus Symbiodinium. In addition, the branch formed by GYN15 and other two Symbiodinium strains was named as the novel Clade F because it was evidently different from the other known five clades (A, B, C, D, E).
Key words: rDNA; ITS; Gymnodinium; sequence similarity; physlogenetic tree; Symbiodinium; phytoplankton

Fenton 试剂降解壳聚糖废液的初步研究

李玫，陈国华，侯进，汪学军

（中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东青岛 266003）

摘要：通过单因素分析实验，研究了Fenton 试剂降解壳聚糖制备废液过程中各影响因子的作用机制，初步得出了其最佳作用范围。通过正交匹配实验，确定了最佳操作条件为：初始pH=2.5，终了pH=10，10gFe/L的Fe 2+溶液15mL，30% H 2O 2 2mL，t(搅拌)=80 min，t(静置)=8h，T=348K，经验证COD去除率达到58.91%。在常温下，利用紫外扫描法简单分析了Fenton 试剂对醋酸钠难降解有机物的降解效率，达到了16.39%。
关键词： Fenton试剂；壳聚糖；降解； COD；废水处理
中图法分类号： X132    文献标识码： A     文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-084-07

Study of Degrading Waste Chitosan Solution by Fenton Reagent
LI Mei， CHEN Guohua， HOU Jin， WANG Xuejun
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abatract： The mechanisms of influential factors in degrading waste chitosan solution by Fenton reagent were investigated. The optimal operating conditions determined by monofactorial analysis and orthogonal experiment are as follows:pH(initial)=2.5,pH(end)=10,t(stirring time)=60min, t(static time)=8hrs,T(temperature)
=348K and the dosages of ［Fe 2+］(10gFe/L) and ［H 2O 2］(30%) are 15mL and 2mL respectively. The COD removal efficiency under the optimal condition is 58.91%.Under the fixed condition,the degradation efficiency of NaAc with Fenton reagent was studied at room temperature.The highest degradation efficiency can reach 16.39%.
Key words： Fenton reagent； chitosan； degradation； COD； waste water treatment

Ln(Ⅲ)与2-羟基-1-萘醛缩4-氨基安替吡啉配合物的合成、表征及热分解动力学

毕彩丰, 范玉华

(中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东青岛 266003)

摘要：合成了稀土硝酸盐与希夫碱2-羟基-1-萘醛缩4-氨基安替吡啉(以HL表示)的3种配合物。通过元素分析、IR、UV和摩尔电导分析等方法，确定配合物的组成为［Ln(HL)(C 2H 5OH)(H 2O) 2］(NO 3) 3(Ln=La，Nd，Eu)，并用非等温热重法研究了Eu(Ⅲ)配合物的热分解反应动力学，推断出第3步热分解动力学方程为：dα/dt = A·e -E/RT·1/2(1-α) ［-ln(1-α)］ -1。
关键词：希夫碱； Ln(Ⅲ)配合物；热分解反应动力学
中图法分类号： O641.4   文献标识码： A    文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-09-06

Synthesis and Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Ln(Ⅲ) Complex with 2hydroxy
1naphthaldehyde4aminoantipyrine
BI Caifeng, FAN Yuhua
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering，Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract: Three solid complexes of Schiff base C 22H 19N 3O 2 (HL) derived from 2hydroxy1naphthaldehyde and 4aminoantipyrine with lanthanid nitrate have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis，IR，UV and molar conductance analysis. The compositions of the complexes were confirmed to be ［Ln(HL)(C 2H 5OH)(H 2O) 2］(NO 3) 3 (Ln=La, Nd, Eu). The thermal decomposition kinetics of Eu(Ⅲ) complex for the third stage was studied under nonisothermal condition by TG and DTG methods．The kinetic equation may be expressed as
：da/dt=A·e -E/RT·1/2(1-α)［-ln(1-α)］ -1
Key words: schiff base; Ln(Ⅲ) complex; kinetics of thermal decomlposition

层次分析法在项目风险管理中的应用

丁香乾 1，石硕 2

(1. 中国海洋大学信息工程中心，山东青岛 266071； 2. 中国海洋大学计算机科学系，山东青岛 266071)
摘要：针对现代项目风险管理涉及面广、技术复杂的特点，介绍了层次分析法(AHP)的理论及算法，对项目风险评估中出现的多指标、多方案的综合比较与选择问题提出了1种有效的解决方法；通过示例说明了在项目风险管理中如何应用该方法及其对提高项目管理水平所具有的重要意义。
关键词：项目风险管理；层次分析法；一致性
中图法分类号： C931.2    文献标识码： A     文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-097-06

Application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process toProject Risk Management
DING Xiangqian 1, SHI Shuo 2

(Ocean University of China； 1. Information Engineering Center, Qingdao 266071, China; 2. Department of Computer Science, Qingdao 266071, China)
Abstract: The theory and algorithm of the analytic hierarchy process are introduced in detail. In accordance with the characteristics of modern project risk management that it deals with a wide range of problems and involves sophisticated techniques, an effective method is proposed for the comparison and selection of the indexes and schemes that appear in project rish assessment. An example is presented to show the usage of the method and its significance in improving project management.
Key words: project risk management; analytic hierarchy process; consistency

基于AVHRR/SST的西太平洋暖池近期变化研究

方立新, 陈戈, 方朝阳, 韩冬

(中国海洋大学海洋遥感研究所，山东青岛 266003)

摘要：考虑到热结构和纬度分布，提出了更加合理的暖池中心和面积计算方法。利用AVHRR/SST月平均数据，分析了西太平洋暖池近期（1993～2001年）的变化特征：暖池中心移动在经向上是单一的年周期，而纬向上存在3.3（最显著），1和0.5年3个周期分量；暖池面积和表面强度都有3个主要的周期分量，分别是3.3，1，0.5年和1.5，1，0.67年，且都以1年周期为最显著；2者的主频在正常年份大致呈同相关系，而在厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜期间存在位相差，甚至反相。厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜现象在1993～2001年之间的平均周期为3.3年。
关键词： SST；西太平洋暖池；谱分析；厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜
中图法分类号： P732； P721 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-103-06

An Investigation of Recent Western Pacific Warm Pool Variabilities Based on AVHRR/ SST

FANG Lixin， CHEN Ge， FANG Chaoyang， HAN Dong

(Ocean Remote Sensing Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)

Abstract： New schemes for calculating the centroid and area of the Western Pacific Warm Pool(WP), which take into account respectively the actual thermal structure and the latitude dependence of the WP,are proposed. By analyzing the monthly average Pathfinder SST data from 1993 to 2001, the recent WP variabilities are investigated.The meridional movement of the WP is characterized by an annual cycle,while three peaks are found in the spectrum of its zonal movement at 3.3(most significant),1 and 0.5 years, respectively.Both the area and the intensity of the WP have three periodic components at 3.3,1,0.5 and 1.5,1.0,0.67 years,respectively,among which an annual dominance is obvious.The variations of the WP area and intensity ars usually in phase with each other during normal years, but a phase lag or even a phase reversal can be observed during El nin～o/La nin～a p
eriods.The average time interval of the El nin～o/La nin～a events is estimated to be 3.3 years during 1993～2001.
Key words: SST； Western Pacific Warm Pool； spectrum analysis； El Nin～o/La N in～a

基于换位原理的对手建模模型

顿文力 1, 孟庆春 1,2, 宋长虹 1, 张艳 1

（1. 中国海洋大学计算机科学系，山东青岛 266071； 2. 清华大学智能技术与系统国家重点实验室,北京 100084）

摘要：对抗性多机器人系统是1个典型的多智能体系统（MAS）。在MAS中，建立对手模型，并进行意图和规划识别是对抗活动的基本前提。BDI是描述思维的有效手段，可用来建立通用的对手思维状态模型。本文在BDI模型的基础上结合换位原理，
提出了1种对抗性多机器人系统中的对手建模模型，并将此方法应用到足球机器人系统，获得了较好的效果。
关键词: 多智能体系统（MAS）；多机器人系统；对手建模；意图预测；换位原理
中图法分类号： TP424.6 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-109-06

A Model of Opponent Modeling Based on Transposition Principle

DUN Wenli 1, MENG Qingchun 1,2, YIN Kedong 1, SONG Changhong 1, ZHANG Yan 1

(1. Department of Computer Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, China； 2. State Key Lab of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)
Abstract： An adversarial multirobot system is a typical multiagent system (MAS). Developing an opponent model and recognizing opponent's intentions and plans are prerequisite to an MAS. BDI (Belief, Desire, Intention) is an effective means to describe a mental state, and it can be used to develop a generic oppone
nt mental state model. In this paper, based on the model of BDI and combined with the transposition principle, a new method of modeling opponents in an adversarial multirobot system is proposed. The method has been applied to a soccer robot system and the experimental results show that it can well enhance the system' s performance and intelligence degree.
Key words： multiagent system； multirobot system； opponent modeling； intention anticipation； transposition principle

一种基于Agent位置透明及消息缓冲体的消息传递机制

贾忠伟, 唐功友, 焦润海, 郭山清

（中国海洋大学计算机系，山东青岛 266071）

摘要：针对移动Agent的可靠消息传递问题，提出1种基于Agent位置透明及消息缓冲体的消息传递机制，并从Agent命名、Agent服务注册和消息缓冲几个方面，给出消息传递机制的具体实现算法。与现有通信机制相比，较好解决了Agent在移动前后及移动过程中的消息传递问题。
关键词：移动Agent； Agent平台； ARS；消息透明传递；消息缓冲体
中图法分类号： TP393 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-115-06

A Message Transport Mechanism Based on Agent Location Transparency and Message Buffer Facilitator

JIA Zhongwei, TANG Gongyou, JIAO Runhai, GUO Shanqing

(Department of Computer Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071， China)
Abstract： Aimed at solving the problem of reliable message transport, this paper presents a feasible message transport mechanism based on thetransparency of Agent Location and Message Buffer Facilitator, and an algorithm to effect the mechanism on the basis of Agent naming, Agent Registry and Message Buffering.
Key words： mobile agent; agent platform; ARM; ARS; message transport; message buffer facilitator

Kohonen网络在烟叶动态分类中的应用

贺英 1，冯天瑾 1，曹均阔 2

(中国海洋大学 1. 电子工程系； 2. 计算机系，山东青岛 266071)
摘要：针对输入为高维化学指标数据的烟叶分类问题，提出1种改进的Kohonen自组织特征映射神经网络的聚类方法。在数据预处理时，加入了领域专家经验，对输入特征向量中的各个分量分配不同的分类参与度；用Gauss邻域函数替代了标准Kohonen网络的方形邻域；在2个学习阶段学习率和邻域宽度采用了不同的递减函数。通过应用证明了改进后的Kohonen网络的收敛效果和聚类精度比Kmeans聚类方法和标准的Kohonen网络都有较大的提高。
关键词：烟叶分类； Kmeans聚类算法； Kohonen网络；分类参与度； SOFM算法的改进
中图法分类号： TP183 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-121-07

Application of the Kohonen Neural Network to Tobacco Classification

HE Ying 1， FENG Tianjin 1， CAO Junkuo 2

(Ocean University of China，1. Department of Electrical Engineering；2.　Department of Computer，Qingdao 266071,　China)
Abstract: In this paper, an improved Kohonen SelfOrganizing Feature Map neural network is presented, in which domain expert experience is added in the dataprocessing course, the components of input vectors are given different classificationparticipating level values, the Gauss neighborhood function replaces the square function and different descending functions of learning rate and neighborhood width are used in two learning periods. Compared with the traditional Kmeans and standard Kohonen network clustering algorithm, the convergence speed and the clustering precision of the improved Kohonen network are both increased.
Key words: tobacco classification; Kmeans clustering algorithm; Kohonen neural network; classification participating level; improvement of SelfOrganizing Feature Map algorithm
　

粘性流体在光滑横管外壁形成液膜的机理研究

梁泽德，梅宁，韩明山

(中国海洋大学工程学院,山东青岛，266071)

摘要：采用低雷诺数小流量模型，对轴向有外加恒定速度气体流动的粘性流体在水平管外形成的液膜的流速及膜厚分布进行分析和计算。计算中针对本文所研究对象的情况，对柱坐标系下的液膜和气膜连续方程和NavierStokes方程均进行无量纲处理，忽略高阶小量，从而抓住影响问题的主要方面，进行计算得到了附壁膜流速表达式和膜厚的数值解。
关键词：光滑横管；液膜厚度；液膜形成
中图法分类号： TB302.1 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-5174(2004)01-128-05

Study of Liquid Film Formed of Viscous Liquid Outside a Horizontal Tube

LIANG Zede, MEI Ning, HAN Mingshan

(College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, China)
Abstract： Based on the low Reynold number and small flux model, the paper studies the velocity and thickness of the liquid film outside a horizontal tube with an air flow along the z axis. According to the character of the object, this paper adopts dimensionless parameters to simplify the continuous equation and the NavierStokes equation in cylindrical coordinates. The paper grasps the essence of the question and obtains the expressions of velocity and thickness of liquid film outside the horizontal tube.
Key words： horizontal tube; thickness of liquid film; liquid film

黄河口及渤海中南部沉积特征变化及其环境动力分析

吕丹梅，李元洁

(中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院，山东青岛 266003)

摘要：渤海中南部沉积类型及其分布受海底地形、水动力条件和物质来源影响，具有明显的分区多样性。而黄河巨大的输沙量进入渤海南部，其运移和扩散对这一地区沉积物的分布产生很大的影响。本文通过对不同时期底质情况的对比，说明研究区海底沉积的分布格局受到黄河河口不断向海延伸的影响在最近十几年中发生了很大的变化。而河口区的底质分布还受到最近几年黄河断流，水沙来量减少的深刻影响。
关键词：渤海中南部；底质分布；环境动力；河口延伸；断流
中图法分类号： P736.21 +3 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-133-06

Variability of Sediment Distribution and Analysis of Hydrodynamic Environment in the Huanghe Estuary and the MidSouth Bohai Sea

LV Danmei, LI Yuanjie

(College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract: The sediment types and distribution are influenced by the seabed landform, hydrodynamic situation and the material origin of the study area. In this paper, a comparison of the bed sediments in different periods indicates that the successive expansion of the Huanghe Estuary has brought great changes to the sediment distribution pattern of the study area. In addition, in the past several years, the lasting broken flow has reduced the water and sediment discharge, which has an effect on the sediment distribution of the estuarine area.

Key words: midsouth Bohai； bed sediment distribution； environmental dynamics； estuarine expansion; broken flow

变速成图方法及应用研究

王树华 1,2，刘怀山 1，张云银 2，刘国宏 2，刘志勇 2

(1. 中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,山东青岛 266003; 2. 胜利油田物探研究院,山东东营 257000)

摘要：本文研究了地震速度和变速成图传统方法中影响成图精度的主要因素,指出了传统方法中造成误差较大、准确性较低的原因。从解决传统方法中存在的问题入手,提出了相应的速度场建立和变速成图方法: 通过提高叠加速度分辨率，利用模型层析法或模型反演法实现叠加速度到层速度的转换，建立空间速度场，速度校正和时深转换。实际资料应用表明，该方法提高了速度场建立和变速成图精度,解决了山前高陡构造以及低幅度构造地区的变速成图问题。
关键词：变速成图;模型层析法;模型反演法;高陡构造;低幅度构造
中图法分类号： P631.1 +2 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-139-08

Research on VariableVelocity StructureMapping and Its Application
WANG Shuhua 1,2, LIU Huaishan 1, ZHNAG Yunyin 2, LIU Guohong 2， LIU Zhiyong 2

(1. College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003,China； 2. Geephysies Research Institute, Shengli Qilfield Limited Company, Dongying 257000, China)
Abstract： The paper analyzses the primary factors that have influence on the mapping precision of traditional methods for building seismic velocity fields and structure mapping by variablevelocity, points out the causes of big errors and poor accuracy related to the use of conventional methods. Starting from solving the problems existing in the traditional methods, the paper presents a new method for building seismic velocity fields and structure mapping by variablevelocity. The conversion from stacking velocity to interval velocity is realized by using modeling tomographic or modeling inversion through enhancing the resolution of stacking velocity. The construction of the spatial velocity field, velocity correction and timedepth conversion are also achieved. The furnished examples and practical application of the method in many areas show that the method can improve the precision of velocity field and structure mapping, resolve structure mapping problems by variablevelocity on steep dip structure and lowrelief structure in front of a mountain.

Key words： structure mapping by variablevelocity; modeling tomographic; modeling inversion; steep dipstructure; lowrelief structure

三维可视化技术在地震资料解释中的应用

姜素华 1，2 庄博 3，刘玉琴 3，马立驰 3，周潋滟 3

(1. 石油大学，山东东营 257061； 2. 中国海洋大学，山东青岛 266003; 3. 胜利油田有限公司地质科学研究院，山东东营 257015)
摘要：介绍了三维可视化技术基本原理和流程的基础上，着重研究了其在地震资料解释中的应用。它主要包含2方面：一是可对三维地震数据体直接进行构造解释、实现空间域的层位自动追踪和断层的空间组合，解决复杂断块的构造问题；二是可进行储层描述，即可在一定时窗内或解释层之间进行岩性分析和沉积环境解释。以胜利油田探区为例，通过对CG20 复杂断块潜山进行精细的构造解释，及对CJZ凸起和北坡的上第三系馆陶组—明化镇组河流相砂体和下第三系东营组三角洲相砂体的储层描述，说明三维可视化技术已在构造解释和储层描述中起到了不可替代的作用。
关键词：可视化技术；复杂断块；构造解释；储层描述
中图法分类号： P135.69 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-147-06

Application of 3D Visualization Technique to Seismic Explanation

JIANG Suhua 1,2, ZHUANG Bo 3, LIU Yuqin 3 MA Lichi 3 ZHOU lianyan 3

(1. University of Petroleum， Dongying 257061， China； 2. Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003, China; 3. Geological Scientific Research Institute of SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield Limited Company， Dongying257015， China)

Abstract： In this paper,the basic principle and flow chart of 3D visualization are briefly presented and its application to seismic explanation is emphasized. It includes two aspects：One is direct structural interpretation and automat ic layertracking and faultlinking in space for resolving the structural problems of complex fault blocks, the other is reservoir description, that is analys is and interpretation in certain time windows or between certain layers. ShengliOilfield is used as an example, the fine structural interpretation of the complex fault block buried hills at well CG20, the reservoir description of the Neogene Guantao and Minghuazhen group's fluvial facies sandstone and the Paleogene Dongying group's delta facies sandstone in the northern slope and bulge CJZ show the indispensable function of the 3D visualization technique in structural interpretation and reservoir description.

Key words： visualization technique; complex fault block; structural interpretation; reservoir description

　

研究简报

天然气水合物相平衡研究的实验技术与方法

刘昌岭 1，2，业渝光 1，2，张剑 1，刁少波 1

(1. 青岛海洋地质研究所，山东青岛 266071; 2. 中国海洋大学，山东青岛 266003)
摘要: 介绍了水溶液中天然气水合物相平衡研究的各种实验技术及测定方法；对于沉积物中水合物相平衡条件的研究，着重探讨了电阻法、超声法及TDR法等探测技术。实验装置的发展完善和探测技术的提高，将极大地推动沉积物中天然气水合物的相平衡条件的研究。
关键词：天然气水合物; 相平衡; 水溶液; 沉积物; 实验技术
中图法分类号： P59；P618.13 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-153-06

Experimental Technology and Methods of Phase Equilibrium Study for Gas Hydrate
LIU Changling 1,2, YE Yuguang 1，2, ZHANG Jian 1, DIAO Shaobo 1
(1. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, China; 2. Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
Abstract: Several experimental technology and methods of phase equilibrium studying for gas hydrate formed in solution are introduced in this paper. For study of phase equilibrium in sediment, special discussion is on some detecting technology, including resistance detecting method, supersonic sound detecting method and TDR detecting method. With the development of the experimental instruments and the improvement of detecting technology, phase equilibrium study for gas hydrate formed in sediment will be greatly developed in the future.

Key words: gas hydrate; phase equilibrium; solution; sediment; experimental technology

一类非线性常微分方程的多解性及其迭代逼近

白锦东，衣凤岐

(中国海洋大学数学系，山东青岛 266071)
摘要：讨论了工程中出现的一类非线性常微分方程的初值问题非平凡解的问题，证明了它的解的有界性、多解性以及用迭代方法求解的问题，是对W.Okrasinski 关于该方程的非平凡解结果的补充。
关键词：非线性常微分方程；锥映象；正解

中图法分类号： O175 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1672-1574(2004)01-159-06

Multiplicity and Iterative Approximation of Solutions For a Class of Nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations

BAI Jindong，YI Fengqi

(Department of Mathematics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071， China)
Abstract： In this paper, we discuss the question on the nontrivial solutions of an initial value problem of a class of nonlinear ordinary diferential equations in engineering, prove the boundedness and multiplicity of the nontivial solutions. By using iteration, we also prove the solvability of the problem. This paper is a complement to the results of a previous (W.Okrasinski，On nontrivial solutions to some nonlinear ordinary differetial eguations.)paper.
Key words: nonlinear ordinary differential equation; cone mapping; positive solution

AMS Subject Classifications: 34B15
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